I need help knowing if chemical formulas are balanced or unbalanced I cease to understand this ;-;

Balancing Chemical Formulas is like simple mathematic systems of equations

Lets look at your second example:

H2 + Cl2 = HCl

Lets replace H with x, and Cl with y.

the equation would now be

2x + 2y = xy (now I know in math x+y does not equal xy, but bear with me)

This would not be correct. For the equation to be true, both sides must yield the same counterpart. To do this, you'd have to add a coefficient to balance out both sides.

Looking at the equation, you know you have to balance the right side, as the left side is adding two things up to getting only half value. So, we will add coefficient of "2" to xy. This means that the balanced chemical equation will now be H2 + Cl2 = 2HCl

in 1783 cavendish was working with his hydrogen gas and found that when he burned it and condensed the vapor it was water. this was very significant since it disproved the greek theory of elements completely since water was not a simple substance but the product of two gases. it was lavoisier who hearing of the experiment gave cavendish's gas the name hydrogen ("water-producer") and added that hydrogen burned by combining with oxygen and that water was a hydrogen-oxygen combination.

explanation: