During the process of condensation, water vapor:. (1) releases 334 J/g of heat energy
(2) releases 2260 J/g of heat energy
(3) gains 334 J/g of heat energy
(4) gains 2260 J/g of heat energy

Phase transition refers to the changes in the states of matter between gas, liquids, and solids.

The correct answer is:

Option 2. releases 2260 J/g of heat energy

The process can be explained as:

1. Condensation is the process of conversion of water vapor into the liquid state.

2. Latent heat of vaporization is defined as the amount of heat required for 1 mole of liquid to convert into a gaseous phase at atmospheric pressure.

3. The change in the temperature does not occur during the condensation, and the heat required for the phase transition is latent heat. The heat of condensation of water vapor is 2,260 J/g.

Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.

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(2) releases 2260 J/g of heat energy

Explanation:

Latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat required to convert 1 mole of liquid to gas at atmospheric pressure.

Latent heat of condensation is energy released when 1 mole of  vapor condenses to form liquid droplets.

The temperature does not change during this process, so heat released goes into changing the state of the substance, thus it is called latent which means hidden. The energy released in this process is same in magnitude as latent heat of vaporization. The heat of condensation of water vapour is about 2,260 J/g.