Describe a method to investigate how the temperature changes when different masses of ammonium nitrate are dissolved in water.
You do not need to write about safety precautions.

(6marks)

Hotness or a cold state of a substance or a solution is measured physically by temperature. It is measured by a device called a thermometer and can be in the form of Kelvin, degree Celsius or degree Fahrenheit.

Decreasing the temperature with an upsurge in the ammonium nitrate concentration can be used in determining the change in the temperature.

Therefore, increased concentration reduce temperature.

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Decrease temperature with increase in ammonium nitrate concentration.

Explanation:

The temperature changes when  different masses of ammonium nitrate are dissolved in water because the ammonium nitrate takes energy from the surrounding water environment for the breaking of ionic bonds as a result the temperature of water decreases. When more concentration of ammonium nitrate is added to water, more decrease occur in temperature of water and the water becomes cold.

1. for the first question, we must find the mass of the anhydrous salt, mgso₄. the molar mass for mgso₄·7h₂o is 246.47 g/mol, while that of mgso₄ is 120.37 g/mol.7.834 g mgso₄·7h₂o * 1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o/246.47 g * 1 mol mgso₄/1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o * 20.37 g mgso₄/mol = 0.647 g mgso₄

2. mass of water = mass of sample - mass of anhydrous salemass of water = 7.834 - 0.647 = 7.19 gpercent water in hydrate = 7.19/7.834 * 100 = 91.74%