Elements in the same column of the periodic table of the elements all

Each column is called a group. The elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons. They are the electrons involved in chemical bonds with other elements.

Explanation:

the elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons.

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The vertical columns (groups) of the periodic table are arranged such that all its elements have the same number of valence electrons. All elements within a certain group thus share similar properties.

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