The orbital diagram shows the valence electrons of sulfur which has 16 electrons if the electrons were added to the atom one at a time which would be the last electron to occupy an orbital

The last electron to occupy an orbital would be the one that is pointing down in the 3p sublevel.

Explanation:

Hund's Rule states that sublevels fill up such that each orbital is singly filled before one becomes doubly occupied. Looking at the diagram, 3s would fill up before 3p because the sublevel is of lower energy. In 3p, each orbital would be singly filled FIRST (indicated by the up half arrow) and then another electron would be added to each orbital (indicated by the down half arrow). So, the last electron to occupy the an orbital in a sulfur atom would be the one that is pointing down in the 3p sublevel.

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a. the law of proportion states the combination of 2 atoms in a specific ratio to produce multiple compounds such as the given statement of question ‘1st compound contains 88.8 % cu ’ indicates 88.8 g of cu is present along with 11.2 g oxygen in 100 g of compound whereas the statement ‘2st compound contains 79.9 % cu ’ indicates 79.9 g of cu is present along with 20.1 g oxygen in 100 g of compound

1st compound contains 88.8 g cu

for cu

m = 63 g /mol

atomic % = 88.8 /63 = 1.42

for o

m = 16 g /mol

atomic % = 11.2 /16 = 0.7

b. the emperical formula of 1st compound is

cu1.4o0.7

cu2o