The pH of 0.259 M solution of an unknown acid is measured to be 2.353. What is the Ka of the acid?

Explanation:

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In this case, since the pH is measure of the amount of hydrogen ions in solution, first given the pH we can compute the concentration of hydrogen ions via:

Thus, since the ionization of the given acid, leads to the following equilibrium expression as it is a weak one:

We notice the concentration of hydrogen ions equal the concentration of the acids conjugate base, so we can compute:

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it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.