If silicon bonded with three oxygen atoms, how might the crystalline structures of silicate minerals be different?

Calculate the expected ph values of the buffer systems from the experiments (a,b,c,d), using the henderson- hasselbalch equation, ph-pka+log[a-]/[ha]. use for pka values carbonic acid= 6.37, and acetic acid= 4.75.

In the following redox reaction which is the oxidizing agent and which is the reducing agent? alcl3 + na nacl + al oxidizing agent = reducing agent =

What are the two major rules associated with polarity