What values of ℓ are possible for a shell with n = 4

0, 1, 2, 3

General Formulas and Concepts:

Chemistry - Atomic Structure

Principal Energy Level n (1 to ∞)Angular Momentum ℓ (n - 1)Magnetic mℓElectron Spin ms

Explanation:

Step 1: Define quantum number

Principal Energy Level n = 4

Step 2: Define ℓ

ℓ is the Angular Momentum. Its values start at 0, 1, 2, 3...

It is the Principal Energy Level n minus 1 (n - 1).

Step 3: Find

n = 4

ℓ = 4 - 1 = 3

Therefore, out angular momentum values can be 0, 1, 2, 3. These correlate to s, p, d, f sublevels.

The activity series is shown in the attached picture. if the element is below the other, then you can displace the other. following the activity series as a guide, the reactions are as follows: nickel and aluminum chloride3 ni + 2 alcl₃  → 3 nicl₂ + 2 albarium and copper bromideba + cubr  →  no reaction because cu is less oxidizable than bapotassium nitrate and aluminum3 kno₃ + al  → al(no₃)₃ + 3 ksodium phosphate and zincnaso₄ + zn  → znso₄ + na

Okay well gravitational energy is matter forced by gravity making energy though the kinetic energy then the electric energy produces electricity from the kinetic energy and the kinetic energy gets its energy from the gravitational energy. was that the answer you wanted or something else?