Circulatory System
The circulatory system is made up of blood vessels that carry blood away from and towards the heart. Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood back to the heart. The circulatory system carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, and removes waste products, like carbon dioxide.
Parts and Function of the circulatory system
Function
Circulatory System Function
Deliver needed materials, such as oxygen and glucose, to the cells of the body.
Removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide, from the cells.
Fighting diseases by transporting white blood cells throughout the body.
Parts of the circulatory system
Blood - Blood is the transport media of nearly everything within the body. It transports hormones, nutrients, oxygen, antibodies, and other important things needed to keep the body healthy.
The heart  - The heart pumps blood around the body. It sits inside the chest, in front of the lungs, and slightly to the left side.
The right side of the heart  - The right upper chamber (atrium) takes in deoxygenated blood that is loaded with carbon dioxide.
The left side of the heart  - The oxygenated blood travels back to the heart, this time entering the left upper chamber (atrium). The blood starts its journey around the body once more.
Blood vessels  - Blood vessels have a range of different sizes and structures, depending on their role in the body.
Arteries  - Oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart along arteries, which are muscular. Arteries divide like tree branches until they are slender. The only artery that picks up deoxygenated blood is the pulmonary artery, which runs between the heart and lungs.
Capillaries  - The arteries eventually divide down into the smallest blood vessel, the capillary. Oxygen and food nutrients pass from these capillaries to the cells. Capillaries are also connected to veins, so wastes from the cells can be transferred to the blood.
Veins  - Veins have one-way valves instead of muscles, to stop blood from running back the wrong way.
Respiratory System
The respiratory system is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
Parts and Function of the Respiratory System
The Function of the Respiratory System
The respiratory system has many functions. Besides helping you inhale (breathe in) and exhale (breathe out), it:
Allows you to talk and to smell.
Brings air to body temperature and moisturizes it to the humidity level your body needs.
Delivers oxygen to the cells in your body.
Removes waste gases, including carbon dioxide, from the body when you exhale.
Protects your airways from harmful substances and irritants.
Parts of the Respiratory system
Mouth and nose: Openings that pull air from outside your body into your respiratory system.
Sinuses: Hollow areas between the bones in your head that help regulate the temperature and humidity of the air you inhale.
Pharynx (throat): Tube that delivers air from your mouth and nose to the trachea (windpipe).
Trachea: Passage connecting your throat and lungs.
Bronchial tubes: Tubes at the bottom of your windpipe that connect to each lung.
Lungs: Two organs that remove oxygen from the air and pass it into your blood.
Diaphragm: Muscle that helps your lungs pull in air and push it out
Ribs: Bones that surround and protect your lungs and heart
Alveoli: Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
Bronchioles: Small branches of the bronchial tubes that lead to the alveoli.
Capillaries: Blood vessels in the alveoli walls that move oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Lung lobes: Sections of the lungs – three lobes in the right lung and two in the left lung.
Pleura: Thin sacs that surround each lung lobe and separate your lungs from the chest wall.
Cilia: Tiny hairs that move in a wave-like motion to filter dust and other irritants out of your airways.
Epiglottis: Tissue flap at the entrance to the trachea that closes when you swallow to keep food and liquids out of your airway.
Larynx (voice box): Hollow organ that allows you to talk and make sounds when air moves in and out.
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