SOMEONE, please save me! The acidity of a substance relates to the proportion of free hydrogen ions (H+) it contains. Acidity is measured on a logarithmic scale. Even a small decrease in pH of ocean water can cause a large increase in hydrogen ions and acidity. This increase can have grave effects on marine ecosystems. For the last 300 million years, the average pH of the oceans has been 8.2. Today, the average pH is 8.1. Using the hydrogen ion concentrations, what is the percent increase in acidity of the ocean in the past compared to today?

Many marine organisms that produce calcium carbonate shells or skeletons are negatively impacted by increasing CO2 levels and decreasing pH in seawater. For example, increasing ocean acidification has been shown to significantly reduce the ability of reef-building corals to produce their skeletons.

The average pH today is 8.1, with 7.9 × 10-9 moles per liter of hydrogen ions. The original average pH was 8.2, with 6.3 × 10-9 moles per liter of hydrogen ions.

Using the formula, the percent increase in the number of hydrogen ions from then to now would be computed this way:

The hydrogen ion concentration and acidity of the ocean has increased by 25%.

Explanation:

c is having 4 valence electrons and is bonded to three hydrogens and one sulphur atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to four. as all the valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, there is no lone pair left on carbon.

s is having 6 valence electrons and is bonded to one other sulfur atom and one carbon atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to 2. as only two valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, four electrons are left. therefore, two lone pairs are present on s.

the formula for the conversion of temperature from degree celsius to kelvin is:

the sample of water at is converted to kelvin temperature by using the above formula as:

on comparing the two samples of water at or we can say that at and at respectively. the difference between the temperatures of two samples of water is:

hence, one can say that the sample of water at is greater than the sample of water at by .