The energy needed to remove the first electron from an atom is the first ionization energy. The energy needed to remove the second electron from an atom is the second ionization energy. The definition of third and fourth ionization energies is similar. Which of the atoms below would you expect to have the largest 3rd ionization energy? P

Mg

Al

Na

Identify one disadvantage to each of the following models of electron configuration: -dot structures -arrow and line diagrams -written electron configurations type in your answer below. (answer) -dot structures do not show the distribution of electrons in orbitals and take up a lot of space. -arrow and line diagrams take up a lot of space and make it difficult to count electrons. -written configurations make it easy to lose count of electrons and do not show the distribution of electrons in orbitals.

Isopropyl alcohol, (ch3)2choh, is a common solvent. determine the percent by mass of hydrogen in isopropyl alcohol. a) 6.71% h b) 13.4% h c) 25.0% h d) 53.3% h

How many moles of na2s2o3 are needed to react with 0.12mol of cl2? show work.