1 This question is about the Earth and its atmosphere.
Figure 1 shows the Earth and its atmosphere billions of years ago.
The boiling point of water is 100°C.
Suggest one reason why there was no liquid water on the Earth's surface billions of
years ago.

Earth's early
atmosphere of:
• carbon dioxide
• water vapour
• methane
• ammonia

water vapour

Explanation:

allow the Earth’s surface

temperature was too/very hot

or water evaporated/ boiled

or turned to steam/gas

allow because of heat from

volcanoes

ignore the Earth’s surface

was covered by volcanoes

ignore water turned to water

vapour

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.

it is a solid

explanation: