The transfer of thermal energy by particles moving through a fluid (either a gas or a liquid) is called?

Convection

Explanation:

Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by particles moving through a fluid.

there is none because earth is stationary and flat.

weight of any object is given by

w = m*g

where m is mass of the object and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

for earth the value of g is 9.8 m/s^2 so

w=117.6 n m=12 g=?

117.6=12g => g=9.8 m/s^2

which is the force of gravity on earth.