Calculate the volume, in milliliters, of a 0.470 M KOH solution that should be added to 5.250 g of HEPES (MW = 238.306 g/mol, pKa = 7.56) to give a p

17.13mL

Explanation:

Complete question:

to give a pH of 7.32.

Hepes is a weak acid. When HEPES reacts with KOH its conjugate base, HEPES⁻ is produced:

HEPES + KOH → HEPES⁻

Now when you have in solution both the weak acid and conjugate base a buffer is produced. The equation that relates pKa and pH of a buffer is H-H equation:

pH = pKa + log [HEPES⁻] / [HEPES]

Where [] could be taken as the moles of each specie.

Replacing:

7.32 = 7.56 + log [HEPES⁻] / [HEPES]

-0.24 = log [HEPES⁻] / [HEPES]

0.57544 =  [HEPES⁻] / [HEPES] (1)

Now, moles of 5.250g of HEPES is:

Mass HEPES:

5.250g * (1mol / 238.306g) = 0.02203 moles HEPES.

That means:

0.02203 moles = [HEPES⁻] + [HEPES] (2)

Replacing (2) in (1):

0.57544 =  0.02203 moles - [HEPES] / [HEPES]

0.57544[HEPES] =  0.02203 moles - [HEPES]

1.57544[HEPES] = 0.02203 moles

[HEPES] = 0.01398 moles HEPES.

And [HEPES⁻] = 0.02203 moles - 0.01398 moles =

0.00805 moles of HEPES⁻

As HEPES⁻ is produced from HEPES and KOH, if we add 0.0805 moles of KOH, we will have in solution 0.00805 moles of HEPES⁻ and 0.01398 moles of HEPES.

To obtain 0.00805 moles of KOH from a 0.470M KOH, you need to add:

0.00805 moles KOH * (1L / 0.470mol) = 0.01713L of 0.470M KOH =

explanation:

the largest database of organic compounds lists about 10 million substances, which include compounds originating from living organisms and those synthesized by chemists. the number of potential organic compounds has been estimated at 1060—an astronomically high number. the existence of so many organic molecules is a consequence of the ability of carbon atoms to form up to four strong bonds to other carbon atoms, resulting in chains and rings of many different sizes, shapes, and complexities. the simplest organic compounds contain only the elements carbon and hydrogen, and are called hydrocarbons. even though they are composed of only two types of atoms, there is a wide variety of hydrocarbons because they may consist of varying lengths of chains, branched chains, and rings of carbon atoms, or combinations of these structures. in addition, hydrocarbons may differ in the types of carbon-carbon bonds present in their molecules. many hydrocarbons are found in plants, animals, and their fossils; other hydrocarbons have been prepared in the laboratory. we use hydrocarbons every day, mainly as fuels, such as natural gas, acetylene, propane, butane, and the principal components of gasoline, diesel fuel, and heating oil. the familiar plastics polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene are also hydrocarbons. we can distinguish several types of hydrocarbons by differences in the bonding between carbon atoms. this leads to differences in geometries and in the hybridization of the carbon orbitals.

answer: -

reaction:

na + cl ⇌ nacl

balanced chemical equation:

na + 2cl ⇌ nacl2

sodium + clorine goes to form sodium chloride (table salt).

the product is nacl2.

and the reactants are na and cl.

(note: if you don’t know what ⇌ means, read below: -

⇌(double head arrow) means reversible reaction).