For the reaction 2Na + 2H20 - 2NaOH + H2 how many grams of sodium hydroxide are produced from 2.21 mol of water?
Select one:
O a. 88.6
Ob. 177
O c. 44.3
O d. 55.4

Explanation:

Moles of sodium

=

130

⋅

g

22.99

⋅

g

⋅

m

o

l

−

1

=

5.65

⋅

m

o

l

.

Now you have the stoichiometric equation:

2

N

a

(

s

)

+

2

H

2

O

(

l

)

→

2

N

a

O

H

(

a

q

)

+

H

2

(

g

)

↑

⏐

If there are

5.65

⋅

m

o

l

of metal, clearly

5.65

⋅

m

o

l

2

dihydrogen gas are evolved, i.e.

2.83

⋅

m

o

l

H

2

. Typically, in a question like this, you would also be asked to calculate the volume the gas occupies under standard conditions, and the

p

H

of the resultant solution (would it be high, low, neutral?).

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.