VA 19.75-g sample was heated by 12.35 calories. The specific heat of the sample is 0.125 cal/g°C. What was the initial temperature of the sample if the final temperature is 37.0°C?

31.9 °C  

Explanation:

The formula for the heat q absorbed by an object is

q = mCΔT where ΔT = (T₂ - T₁)

Data:

q = 12.35 cal

m = 19.75 g

C = 0.125 cal°C⁻¹g⁻¹

T₂ = 37.0 °C

Calculations

(a) Calculate ΔT

q = mCΔT

12.35 cal = 19.25 g × 0.125 cal°C⁻¹g⁻¹ × ΔT

12.35 = 2.406ΔT °C⁻¹  

ΔT  = 12.35/(2.406 °C⁻¹) = 5.13 °C

(b) Calculate T₂

ΔT = T₂ - T₁

T₁ = T₂ - ΔT = 37.0 °C - 5.13 °C = 31.9 °C

The original temperature was 31.9 °C.

particle   p is an electron and particle q is a neutron