Use the nuclear decay reaction in the picture to answer the following question.

i. How does the reaction demonstrate the laws of conservation of charge and conservation of nucleon number?

ii. What is the binding energy of one mole of atomic mass: 234, number of proton: 90, Thorium if the mass defect is 1.908 g/mol?

1a. Both sides of the decay reaction have the same charge.

b. The number of nucleons on both sides are the same.

2. The binding energy of one mole of the atom is 17.172 × J.

Explanation:

1a. Considering the two sides of the decay reaction and with respect to the law of conservation of charge, it can be observed that both sides have the same charge. Charge can not be created or destroyed in the process.

b. The number of nucleons on both sides are equal. No nucleon is created or destroyed in the process.

2. Binding energy is the minimum energy required to separate an atom into its nucleons. From Einstein's energy equation;

             E = Δm

Where E is the binding energy of the atom, Δm is the mass defect and c is the speed of light.

Given that: Δm = 1.908 g/mol and c = 3 × . So that:

           E = 1.908 ×

              = 1.908 × 9 ×

              = 17.172 × J

The binding energy of one mole of the atom is 17.172 × J.

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environmental implications of pesticides

synthetic pesticides ensure high crop yields. while effective in achieving this goal, pesticides contaminate soil, air, ground and surface water, as well as the plants and animals that come into contact with these contaminated sources. freshwater and marine organisms are particularly susceptible to pesticides through agricultural runoff. pesticides also reduce soil fertility (necessitating the use of synthetic fertilizers) and can travel far from the original source, contaminating water and air hundreds of miles from the location of application (see references 2).

health implications of organics

although a subject of particular debate, many recent findings show that organic food is healthier than conventionally grown food. according to the usda, an extensive european union-funded study found that organically grown foods contain more beneficial compounds, such as the vitamins and antioxidants needed to combat many diseases (see references 5). organic milk, meat and eggs are regulated to ensure they are free of hormones administered to conventional livestock and poultry.

health implications of pesticides

pesticides affect human health in three ways: through skin contact, inhalation and ingestion. acute and long-term exposure to pesticides can cause serious health problems for farmers who apply them. the majority of other people are affected by drinking contaminated water and eating contaminated marine life (see references 3). pesticides have been linked to neurological disorders, endocrine and reproductive disorders, immune system deficiencies and cancer. according to the world health organization, acute pesticide poisoning (app) is responsible for significant annual mortality, especially in developing nations (see references 4).

other important considerations

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c. is the answer

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