A ion that gains electrons is called what

anion

Explanation:

Atoms consist of electrons, protons and neutrons. ... When an atom gains or loses an electron, it attains a net charge and becomes an ion. When electrons are lost (or donated), the resulting ion is called cation. When electrons are gained, the resulting ion is called an anion.

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.