Between HClO3 and HIO3, which is stronger and why? Question 16 options: 1) HClO3 is stronger because chlorine is in a higher oxidation state than iodine. 2) HClO3 is stronger because chlorine is more electronegative than iodine. 3) HIO3 is stronger because iodine is in a higher oxidation state than chlorine. 4) HIO3 is stronger because iodine is less electronegative than chlorine.

HClO3 is stronger than HIO3 because chlorine is more electronegative than iodine.

Chloric acid (HClO3) is more stronger than Iodic acid (HIO3) because chlorine is more electronegative than iodine. As we go from top to bottom in the periodic table, the atomic size increases and electronegativity decreases.

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electron pair towards itself. Chlorine atom comes on the top whereas iodine is present lower than chlorine in the periodic table so the atomic size of chlorine is smaller and higher value of electronegativity as compared to iodine so we can conclude that Chloric acid (HClO3) is more stronger than Iodic acid (HIO3).

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2) HClO3 is stronger because chlorine is more electronegative than iodine.

Explanation:

The more electronegative the element is the more strong or acidic it becomes.

Chlorine being more electronegative than Iodine makes it easier for it to pull the electron of hydrogen more strongly and hence has a higher tendency to release a H+ unit. Hence that makes it stronger.

"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."