The free-energy change of a reaction is a measure of a. the excess entropy given off to the reaction system. b. the increased molecular disorder that occurs in the system. c. the energy given off to the surroundings. d. the direction in which a net reaction occurs. e. the excess entropy given off to the surroundings

Free-energy change of a reaction is a measure of the direction in which a net reaction occurs.

Explanation:

It is known that free energy change is represented by the symbol . Free-energy helps in determining the direction of a chemical reaction like if it is taking place in forward or backward reaction.

For a spontaneous reaction, the standard free-energy change is negative in nature and the reaction will proceed in forward direction.

Thus, we can conclude that free-energy change of a reaction is a measure of the direction in which a net reaction occurs.