What is the investigations are best for demonstrating cause-and-effect relationships

Astable electron arrangement for an atom is one that does not easily change. how is this arrangement arrived at? a. valence electrons are transferred or shared to create a full outer shell of electrons. b. valence electrons are discarded into space to create a full outer shell of electrons. c. protons (positive charge) pair with valence electrons (negative charge) to create a strong bond. d. outer shells with valence electrons are transferred or shared.

Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: c(s)+h2o(g)⇌co(g)+h2(g) predict whether the reaction will shift left, shift right, or remain unchanged upon each of the following disturbances. a) c is added to the reaction mixture. b) h2ois condensed and removed from the reaction mixture c) co is added to the reaction mixture d) h2 is removed from the reaction mixture.

Which organism develops breathing organism develops breathing organs from pharyngeal arches? shark, spider, sea star, sea horse