A three-step mechanism has been suggested for the formation of carbonyl chloride: Step 1: Cl2 → 2 Cl Step 2: Cl + CO → COCl Step 3: COCl + Cl2 → COCl2 + Cl Which species is an intermediate in the mechanism?

COCl species is an intermediate in the mechanism.

Explanation:

Intermediates are those chemical species which only appears for a short time in a course of a chemical reaction. They act as product and reactant during the reaction. Also they do not appear in overall chemical reaction.

Step 1:

Step 2:

Step 3:

Overall reaction :

As we can see that all the chemicals are present in the overall reaction beside COCl.

COCl species is an intermediate in the mechanism.

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your answer is a. the enthalpy of formation for a pure element in its standard state is always positive.