How do models help scientists predict the polarity of molecules?

Modern pennies are composed of zinc coated with copper. a student determines the mass of a penny to be 2.482 g and then makes several scratches in the copper coaling (to expose the underlying zinc). the student puts the scratched penny in hydrochloric acid, where the following reaction occurs between the zinc and the hcl (the copper remains undissolved): zn(s) + 2 hcl(aq) → h2(g) + zncl(aq)the student collects the hydrogen produced over water at 25 °c. the collected gas occupies a volume of 0.899 l at a total pressure of 79 j mmhg. calculate the percent zinc (by mass) in the penny. (assume that all the zn in the penny dissolves.)

About 3% of the water on earth is freshest. only about 40% of that freshwater is available for human use. why is so much freshwater unavailable for human use?

Ammonium perchlorate nh4clo4 is the solid rocket fuel used by the u.s. space shuttle. it reacts with itself to produce nitrogen gas n2 , chlorine gas cl2 , oxygen gas o2 , water h2o , and a great deal of energy. what mass of nitrogen gas is produced by the reaction of 2.1g of ammonium perchlorate?