How does the electrical current in electrolysis act as a catalyst driving a reaction forwards?

The electrical current in electrolysis act as a catalyst driving a reaction in forward direction because when the electric current is allowed to the electrodes, the particles in the solution starts movement towards electrodes. Before this current, the particles inside the solution are static. If a solution contain sodium chloride so when the electrical current is passed. Sodium moves to the negative electrode while chlorine moves towards positive electrode and both the atoms are separated from each other and the reaction is completed.

explanation:

crosscutting concepts have application across all domains of science. as such, they are a way of linking the different domains of science. they include patterns; cause and effect; scale, proportion, and quantity; systems and system models; energy and matter; structure and function; and stability and change.

in the given question, the partial pressure is calculated by using the ideal gas equation, that is, pv = nrt

here, p is pressure, v is volume = 25 l, n is number of moles = 0.0104 moles, r is gas constant = -0.0821 l.atm / mol.k

t is temperature = 273 k

p = nrt / v

p = (0.0104 mol × 0.0821 l.atm / mol.k × 273 k) / 25 l

= 0.0093 atm