Consider the Fischer ester synthesis of methyl benzoate from benzoic acid and methanol in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. A reaction was performed in which 3.6 g of benzoic acid was reacted with excess methanol to make 1.4 g of methyl benzoate. Calculate the theoretical yield and percent yield for this reaction.

The percent yield of the reaction is 32.04 %.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

    .....(1)

Given mass of benzoic acid = 3.6 g

Molar mass of benzoic acid = 112.12 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

The chemical equation for the formation of methyl benzoate from benzoic acid follows:

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of benzoic acid produces 1 mole of methyl benzoate

So, 0.0321 moles of benzoic acid will produce = of methyl benzoate

Now, calculating the mass of methyl benzoate from equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of methyl benzoate = 136.15 g/mol

Moles of methyl benzoate = 0.0321 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

To calculate the percentage yield of methyl benzoate, we use the equation:

Experimental yield of methyl benzoate = 1.4 g

Theoretical yield of methyl benzoate = 4.37 g

Putting values in above equation, we get:

Hence, the percent yield of the reaction is 32.04 %.

both adhesion and cohesion are attractions.

they are different in that adhesion is the force of attraction between the molecules of two different substances, whereas cohesion is the force of attraction between molecules of the same substance.

possible examples include capillary action, in which the adhesion between water and glass causes the water to rise in a narrow tube against the force of gravity.

because of hydrogen bonding, water is extremely cohesive.

this causes molecules on the surface of water to be drawn inward, which is why drops of water form beads on smooth surfaces.

hope this .

let that person have a turn to speak : )