2. Suggest four ways in which the concentration of PH3 could be increased in an equilibrium described by the following equation: P4(g)+6H2(g) ⇌ 4PH3(g) ΔH=110.5kJ

Answer

increase in temperaturedecrease in pressurecontinuous removal of PH3adding more of P into the system

Explanation:

        In the reaction   P4(g)+6H2(g) ⇌ 4PH3(g);

The effect of temperature on equilibrium has to do with the heat of reaction. Recall that for an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed in the reaction, and the value of ΔH is positive. Thus, for an endothermic reaction, we can picture heat as being a reactant:

        heat+A⇌BΔH=+

Since the reaction is endothermic reaction, heat is a absorbed. Decreasing the temperature will shift the equilibrium to the left, while increasing the temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right forming more of PH3.According to Le Chatelier’s principle, adding additional reactant to a system will shift the equilibrium to the right, towards the side of the products. In the same Way, reducing the concentration of the product will also shift equilibrium to the right continually forming PH3 as it is removed.