1. Air boiled out of water as steam is rich in ?
2. Benzene reacts with hydrogen in the presence of nickel catalyst at 180°C to give ?

1. The air boiled out of water as steam is rich in water vapor, H₂O(g)

2. Benzene reacts with hydrogen in the presence of nickel catalyst at 180°C to give cyclohexane.

Explanation:

1. When water boils liquid water passes to gaseous phase.

Water in gaseous phase is named water vapor or steam.

This happens around 100ºC, depending on the atmospheric pressure.

The air that is around the boiling water will carry that steam, becomind an air rich in water vapor, H₂O(g)

2. Benzene has chemical formula C₆H₆.

It is a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon. Benzene contains 3 double bonds.

When unsaturated hydrocarbons are heated in the presence of nickel catalyst, the double bonds are broken, forming single bonds and adding the needed hydrogen to the chain: one to each carbon that had a double bond transformed into single bond.

Thus, the product of the catalytic hydrogenation of benzene, C₆H₆,  is cyclohexane, C₆H₁₂

The image attached, taken fron the internet, can help you.

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.

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explanation:

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