Draw a mechanism for the protonation of water in sulfuric acid. Write out the structures of water and sulfuric acid completely, showing all bonds, electrons, and nonzero formal charges. Use curved arrow notation to show the reaction. Then draw the products of the reaction, again showing all bonds, electrons, and nonzero formal charges.

space exploration has led to the development and technological improvement of many everyday items. (if this answer is wrong i will find the right answer) : )

the answer is na (sodium)

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.