The difference in pH between the internal and external surfaces of the inner mitochondrial membrane is 1.4 pH units (external side acidic). If the membrane potential is 0.06 V (inside negative), the free energy change on transporting 1 mol of protons across the membrane from outside to inside at 298K is -13.8 kJ/mol. How many protons must be transported to provide enough free energy for the synthesis of 1 mol of ATP (assuming standard biochemical conditions)?

the reaction mixture contains some ammonia, plus a lot of unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen. the mixture is cooled and compressed, causing the ammonia gas to condense into a liquid. the liquefied ammonia is separated and removed. the unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen are then recycled back into the reactor .

state the principle of separating two immiscible liquids by separating funnel. describe an activity with diagram to separate a mixture of water and kerosene oil. answer: immiscible layers separate out in layers depending on their densities in separating funne

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