A solution of HNO 3 is standardized by reaction with pure sodium carbonate. 2 H + + Na 2 CO 3 ⟶ 2 Na + + H 2 O + CO 2 A volume of 26.66 ± 0.06 mL of HNO 3 solution was required for complete reaction with 0.9479 ± 0.0007 g of Na 2 CO 3 , (FM 105.988 ± 0.001 g/mol ). Find the molarity of the HNO 3 solution and its absolute uncertainty. Note: Significant figures are graded for this problem. To avoid rounding errors, do not round your answers until the very end of your calculations.

Explanation:

The given reaction equation is as follows.

The greatest molarity will be calculated as follows

  =

        = 0.00070584 mol/ml

or,    = 0.70584 mol/L          (as 1 l = 1000 ml)

The smallest molarity will be calculated as follows.

       = 0.00070115 mol/ml

       = 0.70115 mol/l

Now, we will find the average as follows.

          = 0.703495

Now, half of the difference will be calculated as follows.

             = 0.002

therefore, we can conclude that the resulting answer is 0.703 ± 0.002 mol/L .

in the analysis of systems that involve fluid flow, we frequently encounter the combination of properties u and pv.

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).