Which type of model is usually the first step in the development of more complex models?

numerical
visualization
conceptual
interactive

"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."

answer : third trial had the contaminated sample and the correct value for dhrxn should be 1000 kj/mol

explanation :

let us write down the given equations

equation 1 :

equation 2 :

equation 3 :

let us use hess's law to find out which 2 equations can be added to get the third equation.

let us reverse equation 2 and multiply it by 2. the new equation that we get is,

equation 4 :

let us add equation 1 & 4

the above equation is similar to equation 3 but has different value for dhrxn.

therefore third trial had the contaminated sample and the correct value for dhrxn should be 1000 kj/mol