How do the physical and chemical properties of the element change?

A chemical property involves a change in a substance's chemical nature, e.g.the ability of metal to rust. Physical changes are changes of state (solid, liquid, gas). Chemical changes are changes that alter the formula of a compound (its chemical nature) so that it has different physical properties.

Explanation:

"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."

the ratio of the conjugate base to the acid required to attain the desired ph.