Which of the following chemical structures can form hydrogen bonds with water? methane (ch4), molecular oxygen (o2), hydrogen sulfide. explain.

Molecular oxygen and Hydrogen fluoride.

Explanation:

Definition:

Hydrogen bonding:

It is a type of dipole-dipole attraction between the hydrogen atom and more electronegative atoms.

In hydrogen bonding mostly the highly electronegative atoms are fluorine, nitrogen and oxygen.

Explanation:

In given compound such as methane CH₄ the electronegativity of carbon is 2.55 while that of hydrogen is 2.2 so there is smaller electronegativity difference that's why it can not form hydrogen bond.

In case of molecular oxygen the electronegativite atom oxygen is present. It can form hydrogen bonds with water. its electronegativity is 3.44.

In case of hydrogen fluoride the electronegativity atom fluorine is present. It will form hydrogen bonds with water. Its electronegativity is 3.98. So it is more likely to take part in hydrogen bonding.

the enthalpy of formation of water is given as -285.8kj/mol, which states that the enthalpy of formation is negative.

negative enthalpy of formation indicates that the heat is released during the reaction process. the heat is released from reaction to the surroundings the enthalpy is expressed with a negative sign with the energy given out in the reaction process.

the formation of water takes place by giving out heat which is -285.8 kj/mol.