Radium-226 is a common isotope on earth, but it has a half-life of about 1620 years. given that earth is some 5 billion years old, why is there any radium at all?

Radium-226 is a daughter isotope and the result of the uranium radioactive decay.

At each of their respective half-life cycles, Radium-226 and Astatine-218 are converted back and forth by transmutation.

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.

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