It is important to know the difference between atoms, ions, and isotopes. choose all of the correct answers.
an atom of oxygen and the ion of oxygen both have 8 protons.
electrons must be removed from a carbon atom to form an isotope.
the atomic mass of metals is calculated differently that the atomic mass of nonmetals.
calc
as you add or remove neutrons from the nucleus, isotopes are formed.
the most massive subatomic particles are electrons.
ormulas
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the isotope of carbon and the atom of nitrogen both have 7 protons in the nucleus.

The correct answers are

Options A and D

Explanation:

An isotope of an element is formed by varying their number of neutrons and not on changing the number of electrons or protons. Similarly, an atom can be  converted into an ion by adding or removing one or more electrons.

So the number of protons will not be changed for becoming an ion. Thus, the correct answers are that an atom of oxygen and ion of oxygen will be having 8 protons. Similarly, an isotope formation is possible on addition or removal of neutrons from the nucleus. All other options are not true as there will be no change in the number of electrons for isotope formation.

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the answer is c.the valence of the atoms combine .