Calculate the time required for a constant current of 0.800 a to deposit 0.250 g of

(a) co(ii) as the element on a cathode and
(b) as co3o4 on an anode. assume 100% current efficiency for both cases.

a) 17 min

b) 4.2 min

Explanation:

The time required can be calculated by:

t = q/i

Where q is the charge, and i is the current. The charge may be calculated by:

q = na*n*F

Where na is the number of moles of the anality, n is the number of moles of electrons, and F is the faraday constant (96485 C/mol).

a) The element will be in the cathode, thus it will reduce:

Co⁺² + 2e⁻ ⇄ Co

The molar mass of Co is 58.93 g/mol, thus:

na = mass/molar mass

na = 0.250/58.93

na = 4.24x10⁻³ mol

n = 2 mol

q = 4.24x10⁻³*2*96485

q = 818.2 C

t = q/i

t = 818.2/0.8

t = 1022.74 s/60

t = 17 min

b) In the anode an oxidation is happening, and n = 2 too. The molar mas of Co3O4 is 240.8 g/mol, thus:

na = 0.250/240.8

na = 1.04x10⁻³ mol

q = 1.04x10⁻³*2*96485

q = 200.3 C

t = 200.3/0.800

t = 250.43 min/60

t = 4.2 min

when—without warning—something provokes your anger, you may struggle not to succumb to it. since what typically makes you mad is feeling powerless in the face of what seems unfair, your anger is mostly an attempt at a “quick fix” to right the balance. it’s as though you’re raising a fist in protest, proclaiming that you’re not going to capitulate to such injustice.

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be directed toward a person who has intentionally (and needlessly) behaved in a hurtful way toward you; and

be beneficial or advantageous to you (i.e., assist you in achieving a desired goal).

i think you’ll agree that only rarely can you claim that your anger is both warranted and , whether to yourself or the relationship.

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but keep in mind that you must really want to execute these steps, be sufficiently motivated to perform them. which means overcoming more unconscious resistance than you might ever have imagined. because there are many immediate “advantages” of anger that can interfere with your resolve, i’ll suggest a few of them that might interfere with your employing this powerful method to rid yourself of counter-productive anger.

explanation: