Butyl bromide (2-brom-2-methylpropane) can be prepared by simply taking t-butyl alcohol and shaking it with an aqueous solution of hbr at room temperature. the reaction is much faster than with n-butyl alcohol and is essentially 100% complete within a few minutes. give a mechanism for this reaction. note: it is not the same mechanism as for the lab preparation of 1-bromobutane. what is this reaction called?

This is an example of (substitution nucleophilic bimolecular) reaction

Explanation:

Conversion of t-butyl alcohol to t-butyl bromide proceeds through  (substitution nucleophilic bimolecular)mechanism.

In the first step, -OH group in t-butyl alcohol gets protonated.

In the second step, stable tertiary carbocation (t-butyl cation) is produced by removal of .

In the third step, bromide ion attacks to t-butyl cation and produces t-butyl bromide.

Removal of  from n-butyl alcohol will produce an unstable primary carbocation (n-butyl cation). Hence, to produce this unstable carboction, large amount of activation energy is required. Therefore, n-butyl alcohol gives much slower reaction with HBr.

Reaction mechanism has been shown below.

1. 1 mole of anything contains 6.022x10^23 pieces  

d  

2. a  

3. c, number  

5. 1.24x10^24atoms / 6.022x10^23atoms/mole = 2moles h2 atoms  

6. fe2br3 mass = 2moles x mass fe + 3 moles x mass br  

molar mass = grams / number of moles = g/mole  

to find moles = g / molar mass  

to find mass = g = molar mass / moles

the number of valence electrons for each molecule or ion is shown beneath the structure. remember hydrogen will not have more than two electrons. this hydrogen is part of a covalent bond (sharing two electrons). a double bond here would cause hydrogen to share four electrons with phosphorus.