In rutherfords experiment why were some particles deflected a small amount

May someone me with these science questions

1) which of the following is the best example of a physical change? a) sugar dissolving in tea b) firefly glowing 2) in the combustion of ethane, what is/are the reactants? c2h6 + o2 ==> co2 + h2o a) c2h6 and o2 b) co2 and c2h6

Which process describes vaporization that takes place below the surface of a liquid? condensation melting boiling evaporation