In which example does entropy increase?
i. a piece of fruit freezes in liquid nitrogen.
ii. librarians put library books back onto shelves at the end of the day.
iii. liquid nitrogen boils in a beaker at room temperature.
iv. dry ice sublimes.
v. a balloon collapses as its contents cool in liquid nitrogen.

Explanation:

Entropy -

In a system, the randomness is measured by the term entropy .

Randomness basically refers as a form of energy that can not be used for any work.

The change in entropy is given by amount heat per change in temperature.

entropy increases as the randomness increase ,

and ,

entropy decrease as the randomness decreases .

I. A piece of fruit freezes in liquid nitrogen.

randomness decreases , and so entropy decrease .

II. Librarians put library books back onto shelves at the end of the day.

randomness decreases , and so entropy decrease .

III. Liquid nitrogen boils in a beaker at room temperature.

change in state from less random liquid to gas , randomness increases , hence entropy increases

IV. Dry ice sublimes .

change in state from less random solid to gas , randomness increases , hence entropy increases .

V. A balloon collapses as its contents cool in liquid nitrogen .

cooling process , reduces the randomness , hence , entropy decreases .

a compound is a molecule made of atoms from different elements.

a. by the combination of an unlimited number of elements