the human eye contains a molecule called 11-cis-retinal that changes conformation when struck with light of sufficient energy. the change in conformation triggers a series of events that results in an electrical signal being sent to the brain. the minimum energy required to change the conformation of 11-cis-retinal within the eye is about 164 {\rm kj}/{\rm mol}.

calculate the longest wavelength visible to the human eye.

How do you identify the anode on a power source such as a battery? how do you identify the cathode? how are terms anion and cation?

Kp is the equilibrium constant for dissociation of the propionic acid dimer. what is the sign of the slope for a plot of the natural logarithm of kp vs. inverse temperature for this reaction?

Amines are good nucleophiles, even though they are neutral molecules. how would the rate of an sn2 reaction between an amine and an alkyl halide be affected if the polarity of the solvent is increased? amines are good nucleophiles, even though they are neutral molecules. how would the rate of an reaction between an amine and an alkyl halide be affected if the polarity of the solvent is increased? because both reactants in the rate-limiting step are neutral, the reaction will be faster if the polarity of the solvent is increased. because both reactants in the rate-limiting step are neutral, the reaction will be slower if the polarity of the solvent is increased. because both reactants in the rate-limiting step are neutral, the reaction will occur at the same rate if the polarity of the solvent is increased. request answer