Determine the ionic strength, μ, for each of the solutions. assume complete dissociation of each salt and ignore any hydrolysis reactions.

(a) a solution of 0.00580 m hcl
(b) a solution of 0.00227 m cabr2
(c) a solution of 0.000752 m mg(no3)2 and 0.000776 m la(no3)3

The answers are: (a )0.0058 M; (b) 0.00681 M; (c) 0.006912 M

Explanation:

Ionic strenght= μ= 1/2 ∑ c z²

Where c is the concentration of each ion (in M) and z is the charge of the ion. So, to calculate the ionic strenght of a solution you have to know the concentration of each ion and their charges. For this, the dissociation equilibrium is required.

a) HCl →    H⁺    +    Cl⁻

Conc H⁺= 0.00580 M

Conc Cl⁻= 0.00580 M

μ= 1/2 x ((Conc H⁺)(+1)²) + ((Conc Cl⁻)(-1)²

μ= 1/2 x ((0.00580 M) + (0.00580 M))

μ= 0.00580 M

b) CaBr₂  →  Ca²⁺ + 2 Br⁻

Conc Ca²⁺= 0.00227 M

Conc Br⁻= 2 x 0.00227 M= 0.00454 M

μ= 1/2 ((Conc Ca²⁺)(+2)² + ((Conc Br⁻)(-1)²)

μ= 1/2 (0.00227 M (4)) + (0.00454 M)

μ= 0.00681 M

c) The solution has two dissociation equilibria:

Mg(NO₃)₂ → Mg²⁺ + 2 NO₃⁻

La(NO₃)₃ → La³⁺ + 3 NO₃⁻

Conc Mg²⁺= 0.000752 M

Conc NO₃⁻= 2 x (0.000752 M) + 3 x (0.000776 M)= 0.003832 M

Conc  La³⁺= 0.000776 M

μ= 1/2 ((Conc Mg²⁺)(+2)²)+ ((Conc NO₃⁻)(-1)²) + ((Conc  La³⁺)(+3)²)

μ= 1/2 (0.000752 M(4)) + (0.003832 M) + (0.000776 M)(9))

μ= 0.006912 M

the answer is: they rebelled against saddam hussein’s rule.

kurds opposed saddam rule and wanted independence. kurds in the north and shiites in the south revolt against hussein.

for example, the halabja attack in 1988 conducted against the kurdish people by the iraqi regime under saddam hussein, where between 4000 people are killed and around 9000 are injured.

the correct answer is option d

explanation:

i was wrong its d because they dont use cm when calculating square roots