Adh requires the presence of a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad+) molecule in order to catalyze the oxidation of an alcohol. because nad+ is converted to nadh and released, it is a cosubstrate of the reaction, and nadh is a coproduct. additionally, like many enzymes, adh requires a metal cation for catalysis, which in this case is zinc (zn2+). zn2+ is not altered by adh, nor is it tightly bound to the enzyme. which term best describes the role of zn2+ in the reaction catalyzed by adh? prosthetic group cofactor cosubstrate coenzyme

Cofactor

Explanation:

A cofactor is a chemical compound that is not a protein, but it's still essential to the enzyme in order for it to work as a catalyst.

They can be classified into two categories: Small organic molecules (such as vitamins) and metallic ions.

The species Zn⁺² is a metallic ion required by ADH, thus it is a cofactor.

the missing options are :

(1) lower boiling point and a lower freezing point(2) lower boiling point and a higher freezing point(3) higher boiling point and a lower freezing point(4) higher boiling point and a higher freezing point

answer : the correct answer is option (3) higher boiling point and a lower freezing point

explanation :

when a non volatile solute is added to a solvent like water, it results in elevation of boiling point.

let us find the increase in boiling point of water when cacl₂ is added to water to make a solution of 1 m

step 1 : find molality of the solution

let us assume we have 1 l of solution.

let us convert this to grams of cacl₂.

molar mass of cacl2 is 111 g/mol

grams of cacl₂ =

mass of solute = 111 g

assuming density of solution same as water which is 1g/ml we have ,

mass of solution = density * volume

mass of solution =

mass of solution = mass of solvent + mass of solute

mass of solute = 1000g - 111g

mass of solute 889 g = 0.889 kg

the molality of the solution can be calculated as

molality = 1.12 m

step 2 : find boiling point elevation.

the elevation in boiling point is calculated as

here δtb = boiling point elevation

i = vant hoff factor which is the number of ions formed by the solute .

cacl₂ dissociates as

it forms 3 ions . therefore,

i = 3

m = molality which is 1.12 m

kb is constant for a given solvent. for water it is 0.512

the boiling point of water increases by 1.7 °c

step 3: find freezing point depression.

when a non volatile solute is added to water, it results in decrease in freezing point.

the formula to find freezing point depression is

kf is constant for water and its value is 1.86

the freezing point of water decreases by 6.2 °c

therefore we can say that, the solution will have a higher boiling point and a lower freezing point