Determine the full electron configurations:

1. k+ (z=19)

2. zn2+ (z=30)

1=  K⁺= (Z=19) = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s⁰

2 = Zn²⁺= (Z = 30) =1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s⁰, 3d¹⁰

Explanation:

When an atom lose or gain the electron ions are formed. There are two types of ions cation and anion.

Cation are formed when atom lose the electron.

Anion are formed when an atom gain the electron.

In given question potassium loses its valance electron and form K⁺ cation. Thus its electronic configuration will be written as,

₁₉K⁺ = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s⁰

While the electronic configuration of potassium in neutral form is:

₁₉K = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹

The atomic number of zinc is 30 and its electronic configuration is:

₃₀Zn= 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s², 3d¹⁰

When zinc atom loses its 2 valance electrons the electron configuration will be,

₃₀Zn²⁺= 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s⁰, 3d¹⁰