sometimes, during the dna replication process, mistakes are made. these are called
and they are a main cause of diversity among organisms.

1.mutations
2.translations
3.base pair
4.nucleotides

asap !

IT'S MUTATION I TOOK THE TEST ITS RIGHT HOPE THIS HELPED :)

Mutation is the correct answer.

Explanation:

A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a short region of a genome. Mutations can be spontaneous or they can also be inducted. So, if the mistakes are made during the replication process, the mutations are spontaneous. Due to this, number one is the correct action.

the positions which points up in upward carbon and down in downward carbon are axial

and vice versa holds true for equatorial positions

so the correct answer with labelled diagram will be