The formation of an enzyme-substrate complex tends to be thermodynamically favorable due to interactions between the substrate and enzyme.

The correct option is: non-covalent interactions

Explanation:

Enzymes are the macromolecules that are responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions in the cell and thus they are known as the biological catalysts. They have high specificity and selectivity.

In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the substrate molecules bind to the active sites present on the surface of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a enzyme-substrate complex, which is stabilized by weak non-covalent interactions such as Van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic forces and hydrogen bonding.