With geology asap, !

1. the marcellus formation, which is famous for providing gas when fracked, is a shale formation in the eastern us that is interpreted to have formed in deep water. in contrast, the queestone formation of ontario, canada, is a shale formation that is interpreted to have formed in shallow, almost supratidal waters. how do geologists know that one shale formed in deep water and the other in shallow water? what features can be seen in the rock suggesting the environment of deposition?

2.how would you recognize an ancient alluvial fan deposit in the geologic record