Use stoichiometry to calculate the following questions 1) plants utilize light energy in the photosynthesis process to synthesize glucose, c6h12o6, from co2 and h2o by way of the reaction 6co2 +6h2o- c¢h12o6 +602. how many grams of co2 are consumed in the production of 90 g of glucose? 2) for the reaction of 100.0 g of naoh with cl2, 2naoh +cl2 -> naclo + naci+h2o, give the masses of each of the products. 3). hydrochloric acid (hcl gas dissolved in water) reacts with calcium carbonate in piece of limestone as follows: caco3 + 2hci- cacl2 + co2 + h20. if 14.6 g of co2 are produced in this reaction, what is the total mass of reactants and the total mass of the products? . a

Explanation:

Problem 1:

Plants utilize light energy in the photosynthesis process to synthesize glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆, from CO₂ and H₂O by way of the reaction 6CO₂ +6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ +60₂. How many grams of CO₂ are consumed in the production of 90 g of glucose?

Given parameters:

Mass of glucose = 10g

Unkown:

Mass of CO₂ consumed = ?

Solution:

 The reaction equation is given as:

                          6CO₂ + 6H₂O →  C₆H₁₂O₆ +60₂

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Number of moles of C₆H₁₂O₆  =

 given that atomic weight of:

               C = 12.01g/mol

               H = 1.01g/mol

               O = 16.00g/mol

  Molar mass of C₆H₁₂O₆ = (6 x 12.01) + (12 x 1.01) + (6 x 16) = 180g/mol

   Number of moles =   = 0.5mol

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from the reaction equation,

          1 mole of glucose is formed from 6 moles of CO₂

         0.5 mole of glucose would be formed from (6 x 0.5)mole = 3moles

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    mass of CO₂   = number of moles x molar mass

   molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + 2(16) = 44g/mol

  mass of CO₂  = 3 x 44 = 132g of CO₂

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Problem 2:

For the reaction of 100.0 g of NaOH with Cl₂, 2NaOH + Cl₂  → NaClO + NaCI +H₂O, give the masses of each of the products.

Given parameters:

Mass of NaOH = 100g

Unknown:

mass of NaClo = ?

mass of NaCl = ?

mass of H₂O = ?

Solution:

Use the same procedure as highlighted in problem 1:

   equation of reaction:

             2NaOH + Cl₂  → NaClO + NaCI +H₂O

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 Number of moles of NaOH =

  Molar mass of NaOH:

     Atomic weight of Na = 23g/mol

     Atomic weight of O = 16g/mol

     Atomic weight of H = 1g/mol

 Molar mass of NaOH = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40g/mol

Number of moles of NaOH =   = 2.5mole

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From the equation;

first product NaClO:  

           2 moles of NaOH produced 1 mole of NaClO

2.5 moles of NaOH will produce mole = 1.25mole of NaClO

  mass of NaClO = number of moles x molar mass

    molar mass of NaClO = 23 + 35.5 + 16 = 74.5g/mol

  mass of NaClO = 1.25 x 74.5 = 93.13g of NaClO

Second product NaCl:

    2 moles of NaOH produced 1 mole of NaCl

   2.5 mole of NaOH will produce 1.25 mole of NaCl

mass of NaCl = number of moles x molar mass

  Molar mass of NaCl = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5g/mol

   mass of NaCl = 1.25 x 58.5 = 73.13g of NaCl

Third product H₂O:

   2 moles of H₂O produced 1 mole of H₂O

   2.5 mole of H₂O will produce 1.25 mole of H₂O

 mass of H₂O = number of moles x molar mass

   molar mass of H₂O = 2(1) + 16 = 18g/mol

 mass of H₂O = 1.25 x 18 = 22.5g of H₂O

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Hydrochloric acid (HCl gas dissolved in water) reacts with calcium carbonate in piece of limestone as follows: CaCO₃ + 2HCI → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂0. If 14.6 g of CO₂ are produced in this reaction, what is the total mass of reactants and the total mass of the products?

Given parameters:

Mass of CO₂ = 14.6g

Unkown:

Total mass of products = ?

Total mass of reactants =?

Solution:

Total mass of products = mass of CaCl₂ + mass of CO₂ + mass of H₂O

Total mas of reactants = mass of CaCO₃ + mass of HCl

Using the procedures highlighted in the first problem, solve for the number of moles of the known:

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  Number of moles of CO₂ =

   molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + 2(16) = 44g/mol

   Number of moles of CO₂ = = 0.33mole

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number of moles of all species:

These species are in a ratio of one to one and the will have the same number of moles as that of the known:

  Number of moles of CaCl₂ = 0.33mole

  Number of moles of H₂O = 0.33mole

  Number of moles of CaCO₃ = 0.33mole

  For HCl:

     1 mole of CO₂ is produced from 2 moles of HCl

     0.33 mole of CO₂ will produce 2 x 0.33moles = 0.66moles of HCl

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Mass of each species:

Mass = number of moles x molar mass

   molar mass of CaCl₂ = 40 + 2(35.5) = 111g/mol

   molar mass of H₂O = 2(1 ) + 16 = 18g/mol

   molar mass of CaCO₃ = 40 + 12 + 3(16) = 100g/mol

   molar mass of HCl = 1 + 35.5 = 36.5g/mol

mass of CaCl₂ = 0.33 x 111 = 36.83g

mass of H₂O = 0.33 x 18 = 5.94g

mass of CaCO₃ = 0.33 x 100 = 33g

mass of HCl = 0.66 x 36.5 = 24.09g

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Total mass of reactants = 33g +  24.09g = 57.1g

Total mass of products = 36.83g  + 14.6g + 5.94g = 57.3g