How is alchemy different from modern chemistry?

Read the given expression. x = number of protons − number of core electrons which of the following explains the identity of x and its trends across a period? x is the effective nuclear charge, and it remains constant across a period. x is the screening constant, and it remains constant across a period. x is the effective nuclear charge, and it increases across a period. x is the screening constant, and it increases across a period.

Explain why scientists use shared characteristics to make cladograms.

Reaction rate depends on how many molecules are coming into contact with each other with enough energy to react. increasing the temperature of the reactants will increase -