52. classify each compound as ionic or molecular. if it is ionic,
determine whether the metal forms only one type of ion or
more than one type of ion.
(a) cocl2 (b) cf4 (c) baso4 (d) no

Explanation:

1

CoCl₂ is an ionic compound

CF₄ is molecular

BaSO₄ is an ionic compound

NO is molecular

An ionic compound is a compound which forms between a metal and non-metal. It involves the formation of a bond between two ions of significant electronegative difference. It results from the electrostatic force of attraction between two atoms in which one has lost an electron(metal) and the other that has gained an electron(non-metal).

     CoCl₂ is an ionic compound

     BaSO₄ is also ionic

A molecular compound is formed as a result of covalent bonds between atoms. This is due to the fact that the two atoms have similar electronegativities and would both pull the shared electrons closely. Most molecules are usually formed this way.

      CF₄ and NO are both molecular compounds

2 The ionic compounds are the ones containing metals:

         In CoCl₂ the metal is Co, cobalt

             BaSO₄ has Ba

 Co is a transition metal. Transition elements are known to have various oxidation states. This implies that they can form more than one type of ion. The oxidation number of Co are -1, 0, +1, +2, +3 and +4

 Ba will only form one type of ion as an alkaline earth metal. It has an oxidation state of +2 only. It will only form one type of ion.

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.

radioactive decay occurs in unstable atomic nuclei – that is, ones that don't have enough binding energy to hold

the nucleus together due to an excess of either protons or neutrons.