An atom of lithium loses an electron. what is the effect of this event? group of answer choices
the atom of a different element is formed.
the atom of lithium acquires no charge.
the atom of lithium becomes a positively charged ion.
the atom of lithium becomes a negatively charged ion.

option C= The atom of lithium becomes positively charged ion

Explanation:

When metals loses the electrons positive ions are formed. The nonmetals accept these electrons and form negative ions. These positive and negative ions attract each other through electrostatic force and form the bond called ionic bond.

Ionic bond:

Ionic bond is formed when oppositely charged ions attract each others i.e negative and positive ions.

We know that a neutral atom consist of equal number of proton and electron, cancel the charge of each other that is equal in magnitude and make the atom neutral or we can say that net charge is zero.

But when the atom lose or gain the electron, imbalance of neutron electron occur so charge will not remain zero and atom is no more to be said neutral.

Example:

Take the example of sodium that can lose one electron and form Na+. This Na+ ion is called cation because it carry positive charge by losing the one electron. This cation now contain eleven proton and ten electron.

Now consider the example of Chlorine atom. It consist of 17 proton and 17 electron. But in order to attain the noble gas configuration or to complete the octet it gain one electron and form anion (Cl-). The chlorine anion consist of 17 proton and 18 electron.

Now consider the compound formed by sodium and chlorine ions. Sodium chloride is an ionic compound. It is formed by the complete transfer of electron from sodium to chlorine atom and form ionic bond. In this ionic compound sodium carry positive charge and chlorine carry negative charge there is attraction between these oppositely charged atoms.

Na+ (cation)

Cl- (anion)

NaCl

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.

answer : third trial had the contaminated sample and the correct value for dhrxn should be 1000 kj/mol

explanation :

let us write down the given equations

equation 1 :

equation 2 :

equation 3 :

let us use hess's law to find out which 2 equations can be added to get the third equation.

let us reverse equation 2 and multiply it by 2. the new equation that we get is,

equation 4 :

let us add equation 1 & 4

the above equation is similar to equation 3 but has different value for dhrxn.

therefore third trial had the contaminated sample and the correct value for dhrxn should be 1000 kj/mol